Surprise AMA 11/21/2021

this is charles hoskinson broadcasting live from warm sunny colorado always warm always sunny sometimes colorado today is november 21st get pretty close to thanksgiving and it is 20 21. and today sunday sunday sunday sunday is amateur so things are kind of moving along certain countries don't celebrate thanksgiving it's kind of an american holiday canadian holiday october november europe not so much asia not so much so development continues people are chugging away working hard us americans we're getting ready for a slow week next week but things looking pretty good dead list 4.5.1 just came out and we've started a large program for user experience enhancements to daedalus we've collected an enormous amount of feedback and a big priority for a long period of time we're getting new features out and getting things done correctly now for 2022 a big priority is optimization and performance improvements so we're going to start looking at everything from memory utilization sync time and just things that make the application fast and start integrating that in same time there's a parallel track with mithril mithril does two things one it allows you to run in a light client mode that is as secure as the full client mode and then two it allows for parallel validation of epics which means that you can scale to as many processing cores as your computer has so your constraint are is your network and your course so that should massively speed things up a lot of other little optimizations are coming and it's a very high priority floor our director of engineering's on it roman is on it john woods is on it people care a lot script compression is another area that we've been thinking pluto's templates or another area so those are on chain libraries for smart contracts to reference and we are digging deeply into the read-only utxo proposals and just trying to figure out where and how to do that while preserving determinism inside the system so this is kind of the tale of plutus optimization so basically every month new features come new ideas come and you have three upgrade windows per year february june october for hfc events and that delivery chain will augment ledger changes there and meanwhile software just gets optimized so you'll have probably three to six week sprints releases no more than 12 a year but more likely about eight to nine minor releases to immediate really medium releases per year and then three big releases so that's kind of a time delivery train and we're moving in that direction and that's for the core software and then there's a lot of stuff that's out of band like interfaces dbsync these types of things so it's really shaping up to be a very systematic software project and turning it into a full open source project because all the code is open source but there needs to be better governance in that respect and collaboration that respects still somewhat hierarchical amongst the core entities is going to be a big emphasis of 2022 and that should accelerate things as well if it's done correctly so from a development viewpoint things are looking good pabs looking good too so pab got integrated with the test net it's being tested now with a lot of launch partners and they're kind of working with it there's of course a life cycle on that and infrastructure is being turned on for it so it was really a november december thing and either december january it looks like for mainnet but it's kind of an iterative process so it is what it is but the thing is that now that it's out it can be used on both test n and mainnet and it's really the dap developers level of comfort with that tooling so this is not a light switch where you flip it and you say oh well the piv is available today no it's actually a spectrum where you have it and then as a dab developer you make a decision is this useful to you or are you waiting for some functionality with it or some thing with it for your particular gap or where are you at but if you're debt developing you're saying you're going to deploy first to the test net and you're going to do that for a few months just to kind of make sure that everything looks good and that's why it's the test net and then you can roll it up to the main net but overall pav is looking good a lot of little things to do here and there but that's to be expected with new software and infrastructure now plenty of people built without the pab like space bugs and others and actually we implemented hydra the hydra head protocol and pluto's without the police application back end so there are certainly ways you can either circumvent it or build without it depending upon the nature of the application and pav is one of those iterative targets where yeah there's new versions all the time like db sync or the rosetta integration or other things and those new versions basically add more capabilities or improve issues or speed things up or find more easy ways of integrating stuff and so forth but it's a very vibrant ecosystem there's well more than 100 different people wanting to build dapps and get them into cardano and get business models turned on within a three to six month time horizon and really the february babbage fork is kind of the cleanup where a lot of things to optimize what they're trying to do will come online then and then the following in june for that the problem is that there's enormous amounts of misinformation that exists in space and just straight up lies and flood and other things and every single time we try to tell people how the process is working people selectively listen and they just pull things out for example i just said february and june now saying that somebody on twitter read it telegram blogger youtuber somebody will take that out of context and say smart contracts are coming till june they're already here they're already running the infrastructure is here optimizations are continuous so they get cheaper faster better user experience over time and new features and functionality come in to augment and enhance dapps but let's be very clear it's here it's running it's live smart contracts are online we've written some ourselves you the community participated and named the lobster on my microphone in my office because of smart contracts and people just continue to lie and lie and lie and lie and lie the other thing is apparently people don't understand how software optimization works premature optimization is the root of all evil in software so you focus on correctness and get your right designs in and then after you've done that then you start optimizing and there's a pareto principle a little bit of work gets you dramatic performance improvements and then there's a long tail and you have to make a decision of how far do you want to take that tail through and there are protocols not science but existing protocols meaning that they're already designed by the scientists we already know they're secure we're not waiting for a peer-reviewed paper we're not waiting for a conference none of these things they're written down on paper and they're being debated by engineers about the implementation path for that like pipelining for example and then also [Music] input endorsers so conceptually the way you think about input endorsers is it achieves the same ends that a lot of these dag protocols achieve where you have a heartbeat that kind of serializes things and creates a total order and then in the meantime you collect and batch lots of transactions that occur and you allow some inconsistencies there because when the heart beats it solves all of those just like what you see with iota and phantom and just you see with all these other things writing blog posts explaining how that works and that's something that's being put into the genesis era pipelining will come first because that's a very easy optimization now these two things alone can allow us to get to significantly larger block sizes the megabyte range and will get us a 20 to 40 x and these are things that we're going to push like hell to get done in 2022 alongside all the other stuff the utxo hd and mithril and hydra and catalyst and the side chains and so forth okay there are 12 development teams working concurrently okay at the same time to deliver an enormous train of features not sequentially but yet again more lies more fear more uncertainty and i'm just getting damn tired of it i really am it is incredibly frustrating when you run a professional project that has bi-monthly updates a mid-month update and then a month update you write blog posts on a regular basis you do amas on an almost weekly basis and you go out there and you show everybody what you're doing everything's out in the open you have get out repos you can see the release tags in the repos you see the progress week by week by week by week you see the enormity of the amount of companies and people that are working on this like look at the essential cardano list and despite all of that there seems to be an a huge flood storm and misinformation campaign not just being conducted by trolls on twitter but by venture capitalists by other projects in the industry by people who should know better and it's getting really tiring it really is it doesn't slow us down it actually just pisses us off a little bit might speed us up a little bit because we're getting a little a little rough people have built whole ecosystems around the innovations of just one of our papers like recursive snarks for example in mina effectively that's what mithril accomplishes for us that's one paper out of 125 that we've written if you look at the orborus agenda and how this thing is pushed out in all the problems that have been solved from ledger redux to chronos and so forth you'll see terms like fast finality and subjectivity we don't really have to worry about that as an ecosystem the theory is on bedrock and we know exactly how to roll things out looks like throughput is going to be a high priority for 2022. so go do that you get fast finality from the side chains and from the hydra network pretty good bundling of features and functionality so it's it's a little bizarre you try not to let it bother you but it does bother some people in the community and it creates just so much noise now on the other hand the collaborations with the dap developers has been very very good we've learned a lot working with talking people from mel and sunday and other things and they just keep coming to us on a weekly basis and there's an overwhelming demand there progress on the certification program is also looking good we have three certification levels one two and three we've been working very closely with runtime verification they're actually working right now on case semantics for plutus and we're trying to build a bunch of certification levels and tooling they call it the alpha frontier program i just posted a blog an article today from decrypt they said 10.

5 billion not million billion dollars has been stolen or lost to fraud or design flaws as a consequence of poorly written d5 either it has back doors or the developers that know what they were doing or there was protocol flaws or people steal money or gain the system 10.5 billion dollars of value this year alone because of crummy software that's why certified software is necessary because right now the financial incentives are move fast and break things they get the money you get the bill again move fast to break things they get the money you get the bill that's d5 today real five is about certification okay you get a math proof you get some artifact that shows you that the protocol is designed correctly the first example of that is jet and we've been working real hard to get a reference kind of like hyperloop what elon musk did there so that that reference is there for the community and ecosystem to use and cody is already hard at work taking this stuff and commercializing it for their own business but they're going to be others who do that as well you see and that's the power of this ecosystem so there are dexes we published a blog post about concurrency with working code showing how to actually use different design patterns to deploy highly concurrent code with extended utxo and more to come more design patterns to come more infrastructure to come to further facilitate that don't the extended utxo model no comedia is here and it's already starting to accrue interest and that's coming imminently in the next 60 to 90 days and i think they're already on the test net side of things and that's full evm interoperability with ether with cardano so you have that option and then there's obviously mamba we're right now hard at work writing down all the specifications for the sidechain protocol and that will be used for yellow for catalyst and it will be used for evm running in obft mode okay so that's underway and there's tons of optimizations that can be done with obft to make it incredibly high performance because ultimately it's a permission system your root of trust comes from or boris at the base ledger that is what we accomplished that's what's worth a trillion dollars with bitcoin and we did that better than everybody else and as the price of ada goes up that gets more decentralized energy consumption per user goes down it gets optimized opposite dynamics with bitcoin with that root of trust you can bootstrap many permission ledgers that can be used for computation you read the original cardano white paper remember paul halmos tell them what you're going to do do it and tell them what you did okay so we told you what we were going to do in 2016. cslccl cardo settlement layer cardinal computation or control layer so those side chains those are control layers computation layers which can be highly optimized and because you have a solid root of trust at the base level it has the same trust model as the base legend okay and that's what's happening and we have a great team of people doing that we know it works because we took all the knowledge that we gained from building a full ethereum classic note and we've rolled it on over to cardano that entire team got moved over it's great scala code it's very nice it's getting optimized a lot of qa has been done a lot of performance improvements we're just about to get into the audit side of things and evm runs there don't like that use the milkmedia evm okay so if you want accounts model you want to live in that weird world go ahead it's there and all the ethereum tooling works there just better faster and cheaper on cardano but again lots of fear lots of uncertainty a lot of disinformation especially from places i didn't expect to see it people still saying cardano's a gambling coin or started as a gambling coin which is bizarre i was kind of there in the beginning it's not if you see some japanese website saying well there's a reference use case yeah 2015 2016 crypto in asia a lot of people wrote websites talking about these things but it's a general purpose smart contracting stack which was the unused roadmap that i had from ethereum which was 2013-2014 and had i stated ethereum would have looked that way but i didn't got pushed out but okay let's just lie let's just lie it's what people are doing and it's not going to stop it's only going to get worse but facts are tricky things and you can have your own opinion but you can't have your own facts and they are absolutely clear every single week you see it every single day you can see the github repositories you can see the release cycle you can see how things are improving you can see the totality of so many different companies independent companies working towards this end you can see a large dapp ecosystem is starting to ferment and of course takes time for that it doesn't happen instantaneously these are businesses too these are developers too they're not us we don't own them they're an ecosystem which means they have to grow they have to build real businesses and it took about three years for this to occur on ethereum the fact that within three to six months that first wave is coming financed by catalyst isos and other things bootstrapped by the cardona ecosystem is an extraordinary acceleration over what we've seen okay some vcs are saying that no one's pitched them cardano related stuff well the c fund we've been investing in various things here and there we've got 189 return from our venture capital fund with the money that we've put in pretty good doing well there catalyst has given away i has given grants for over 300 projects in 2021. 300 at this current growth of funding it could be up to 2 000. in 2022 so we're seeing a lot of interest floating around and a lot of companies are coming they want to migrate or do something with cardinal like possession for example but i guess it just depends on where you look or you can ask venture capitalists whose business partners said we're affiliated with organized crime as a credible resource or you can ask 20 of your developer friends as a credible resource for these things so anyway that's a brief update the water outside is a little choppy the water inside the cardinal land actually isn't we've never been this efficient we've never been moving this smoothly and it is what it is and it is what you make it as i mentioned my prior video we seem to live in a post-truth economy facts don't matter the truth doesn't matter opinion and subjectivity is all that matters feelings are all that matters and unfortunately crypto is at times guided by that but that's not a permanent state of affairs i have to believe there'll be a return to objectivity and sanity and like highlander we will be the last man standing okay let's get to your questions why does cardano have so many quote enemies i really try to understand all the haters but i honestly can't well it's pretty easy when you look at incentives cardano's not a vc coin there are plenty of vc coins for your usual suspects like polychain and tracing horowitz and others came in and if you look at the distributions of these things a small group of people got fabulously wealthy if the vc coin succeeds they had layered sales and so forth cardinal like ethereum it came from different routes and bitcoin before it so you always look to incentives people making money and if they're making money then it kind of explains why they say and do what they do and also it's not sexy in certain respects boy and who wants to buy peer-reviewed research and work hard and it takes a while to get something done move fast and break things is always fun because you get something in your dopamine economy every day every week it's the latest thing and of course you get people like this right here he comes on in thinks he's going to get insanely rich calls me a scammer for what because i've built a project and it's doing incredibly well and by every metric we're looking good but you're not doing so well because you bought at an inconvenient time so everything is bad because you have this shiba inu coin dogecoin mentality you see and that's the part of the noise and so those are the two sides of it one is bot media and the vc coin itis and then the other is the it's just the angry fair weather person who has unrealistic expectations how do we sign up or pay to participate yearly bison hunt you have on your ranch is it open paying people just designated people paying people we're completely rebounding and rebuilding the whole thing and there'll be a website up for it usually takes place september to november so the hunts are nearly done about 7 500 bison per year they live on an amazing life they kind of roam around all 11 000 acres eat the grass they live like proper bison the way bison lived 500 years ago and when they get right perfect age that's when people go and hunt them and then they process them and you get about 600 pounds to 1000 pounds of meat so a few hundred kilograms of of meat and you can get your bison mount and all those other things or the bison coke if you want to and it's real really a lot of fun and i tell you it's the best way to get meat as the tastiest meat you'll ever have no antibiotics no vaccines no hormones and it's grass-fed hi charles i have an ambitious project in mind i want to make cardano the backbone of transactions on the site how do i go about doing this where and how can i start i'd go to catalyst so if you google cardano catalyst idea scale you can find the website and we're actually hiring some ui ux people come rebuild that whole experience so that it's a little easier but basically go in there and submit your idea and even even if you're not really seeking a lot of funding the fact that you go through that pipeline you'll learn a lot and what we're also going to do is create some educational paths okay so two in particular one is and they're both free courses of course and catalyst is free to use but one is i want to work for cardano meaning i want to do something in the cardano ecosystem and the point of the course is to kind of walk you through all the different archetypes and roles and things that one can do it's not just for developers the other is i have a business and i want to build something on cardano or integrate something in my business or launch a cardonal dab so these are different paths you're more in the latter than the former but they're both very valuable and we're gonna make sure that there's some dedicated content there we did the prism pioneers we did the pluto's pioneers we're going to continue doing those pioneer programs we're also restarting the in-person training for haskell in ghana but it's very important that we continue pushing that mooc-based education and get people set up because all the time people come to me and say i want to do something cardinal i don't know what to do so i'd love to be able to give him a class and say take this and by the end of it you'll know exactly what's for you and you'll know where to go but the forums are great post your idea there and idea scale is great post your idea there you might be able to get some funding for it any progress with your biotech company yeah we're making a little bit of progress here and there not as fast as i want but 2022 is going to be the time for it just too many things happen this year so i wasn't able to push too hard and my dad brother were doing a few things to close out prior affairs and unfortunately that meant that we could make all of the progress we made but we've certainly had a lot of conversations we've learned a lot about exosomes and pemf and photobiomodulation and hyperbaric treatments and all kinds of things about some anti-inflammatory drugs read a lot of books and it's a process you kind of work your way through it not in a huge rush but it's one of those things that is you invest a lot over time you get exponential growth so there we go yeah this is an interesting one hi charles what do you think about the kyle rittenhouse case everybody's just in silence right now the thing that bothered me the most about this entire case was that i don't understand why he was there his mother drove him there family member drove him there and like as a parent or somebody in a position over a child why would you be like here here's this gun and go to this location with all this stuff going on and best of luck i mean that's the place for police and soldiers to go it's not the place for 17 year old kids to go so shouldn't have been there in the first place it's an interesting case there's certainly a lot of prosecutorial misconduct there incompetent prosecutors the charges were probably too vast for what they were looking for so they overstepped and there was a lot of cases where it looked they were trying to cause a mistrial so they get another shot because they didn't quite get the testimony that they were looking for and this is the problem when politics gets so deeply ingrained in the judicial system there's this either under reaction or overreaction and you never really get any notion of justice now i think what's going to happen is it's going to be the o.

j simpson case where he gets acquitted but then there's a civil case and probably ends up getting sued and lots of money change his hands as a result so he's certainly not completely out of hot water and it's just a human tragedy say what you will about the whole event people died and the re the right response from society is to look at the macro and ask fundamental questions why did people die and how did we get here instead of the micro in saying that this is somehow an indication of a systemic this or systemic that or just an example of how fundamentally unfair society is or he's a hero or any of these things it's not the right approach you have to take a step back and see how did we get here why did we get here and kind of work your way through it and that's all i'm going to say about it it's i wasn't there and the facts and circumstances are quite difficult and there's a lot of moving pieces to this entire conversation and the vast majority of people who are consuming the narrative whether it be from the right-wing media or the mainstream media they just simply don't have the right facts and the right and the right perspective in this matter it's more of a meta problem of why does society allow these types of things to happen and there's a lot of blame to go all around from kyle himself to his parents to the media to the prosecutor and others and we just have to move on and if it's going to be meaningful at all we have to gain some wisdom as a society in these in this respect and hopefully avoid these things from happening again or we can just get really angry and just say over-reactionary things and believe america is a horrible country or rah-rah and then we'll just keep digging deeper and more and more and more of these incidents will happen and less and less justice will occur how do you make nfts private so only token holders get access to its content so nfts can be made private using zero knowledge crypto so there's a naive way to do it the wu-tang gang way where you have a private album or a private thing and you privately share it with people you can store the ip in a trusted enclave that can only be accessed in a certain way or it can use some sort of clever mpc or or zero knowledge stuff and that's kind of the next generation of nfts so that'll come the next 24 months i think looking back at your bermuda ted talk what was your proudest moment since then i'd say the launch of shelley that was just a huge burden finally lifted it was so many pieces had to come together for shelley and also the launch of gogan in the in the recent summit that we had was another huge highlight i'm building a metaverse what is mainnet out it's out it's out this is what i'm talking about so many lies get told that people actually believe cardano is not in a maine net does not have smart contracts you can build today today and deploy today not a year from now today to cardano we tell you to use the test net because you're using fake ada and you can things up and write it the wrong way and then you can fix it if you're using the main net it's real money and if you screw something up that's on you and your users it's another common misconception why does michael novogratz hate cardano i don't think he hates card i don't think he hates anything in this space guy is talking its book when you're a billionaire and you've made bets bet bet bet bet you're going to talk your book and you're going to do those bets and things are outside your scope that is what it is if he had bought ada he'd be saying we're the greatest thing ever 20 yeah i talked to 20 brilliant people they all tell me cardano's the best thing ever so people talk their book so it tells you a lot who criticizes you look at the criticism bitcoin is getting right now hillary clinton is coming out all these swamp creatures are coming out bitcoin is bad it's destabilizing the us economy it's this terrible thing the people who love the legacy system and control and are creatures of the swamp or saying cryptocurrencies are a threat why because you get to be your own bank you get a deflationary monetary instead of an inflationary monetary policy you don't get to print 40 percent of all the money in circulation in the last 18 months huh you see so people talk their book the political class has a book the banking class has a book the vc class has a book and so forth and it's it is what it is and so don't don't put undue emotions or feelings in these in this respect things change in 24 36 months if we pull off all the stuff we say we're going to pull off you'll probably be our biggest fan and say oh well that was the past and you welcome them with open arms because they're mercenaries in that respect charles what are your thoughts on rollups zk syncs darkware like solutions cardano can hydra and rollups go hand in hand you said rollups will be big in five to ten years but it's already here well they are in the art that they are for certain classes of problems and use cases but they're getting better year by year when i say big in five to ten meaning i say every system has some notion of that i think it'd be easier to do roll ups and you extend you take so style model than it would be in an account style model and the thing is we'll get rollups for free with mamba so when the evm sidechain comes those roll-up infrastructures can and will be rolled over as a scalability solution for the evm side chain now the question is do we need roll-ups on the main chain i think as a continuation of the mithral research stream probably something that can be done and actually i suspect several dexes are gonna move in that particular direction so it's definitely something there it's a buy instead of build because there's already a lot of great solutions and it's important to understand they're l2 so they're somewhat agnostic and we'll get them on the ethereum side first but certainly it's going to be fun to deport some of those to the extended utxo model and we have a lot of zk infrastructure we've designed like sonics for example and we've seen a lot of great progress with plonk and there's a lot of next generation zk stuff that's coming online now starkware made some interesting design choices which were future proof from a prescient viewpoint i think they use some hash based crypto so they're post quantum but they're not quite as efficient as the classical stuff that's there but it's a fast growing field and we're pragmatic as anybody else and that actually is a great venture for somebody wanting to do something on cardano catalyst funds will be made available and i suspect there's probably going to be a a roll-up round that occurs or a zk round that occurs and we'll see a whole wave of zk companies come in i think we're actually one of the best positioned of the ventures in the crypto space to pursue this because we have the closest connection to academia and to contractors that implement cryptographic algorithms for example galwa is the entity that's implementing mithril at the moment and they're they're incredible at cryptographic engineering they're a very very smart company it would not be hard to extend that contract to say hey let's go do some roll-up stuff and so forth so five to ten for the really good stuff but you're absolutely right there are intermediate solutions that exist and they'll come they'll percolate their way in how is privacy on cardano so one area i really think would be cool to improve is introducing proxy keys so it's something i've been wanting to do for a while and we're having discussions on the best way to do it but a separation of the cold and hot infrastructure so the basic idea is you can have three key chains spending key voting key and staking key there's a kind of a primary secondary so the primary would be the spending and the secondary would be the staking and delegation the staking and voting keys excuse me and you could either directly delegate with them or what you can do is you can create a new key chain that's just a staking key and a voting key and we can call those proxy keys and the idea is that you would sign a transaction that would enable those keys to act on behalf of the original keychain now the advantage here is that the proxy keys could live on the hot wallet so daedalus uroy and so forth and then your main key chain could be on your cold infrastructure a paper wallet hardware wallet that's kind of the naive way of doing things but that connection between the proxy keys and the main key chain you may be able to use a snark in that connection and if that's the case then what would happen is that privacy only goes in one direction i should say transparency only goes in one direction so the proxy keys to the main key chain you wouldn't be able to connect them so that's a private system private delegation private voting but then on the main chain you can see in the other direction transparent so you can identify the proxy keys so your wallet would show you your preferences but the other way it's confidential so i think that's probably the best way of introducing something and then actually that primitive could be reused for transactional privacy as well but there are more regulatory questions that we'd have to think carefully about and probably metadata would be enough to get it there with encrypted divs or something like that but yeah that's definitely something we're looking into it'll have to come a little later down the road map so second half of 2022 likely because there's so much to do in the first two major releases but it's definitely something that we're looking for a protocol for that makes sense the other problem with these things is that they tend to introduce a lot of bloat to the system and that's not where you'd want to be so we we have to be very careful and true to form this is actually the question i was addressing earlier what can the average person who doesn't understand programming do to help cardone succeed that's why that class needs to exist okay and this is the wrong thinking hydra release date you see everybody's just looking for this like this date boom it's done it's over it gets released iteratively you have the head and then you need routing and head and tail and this and that and this and you gradually iterate and you run it first on the test net transactions are going through it stuff is happening and then after you've done that people start building gaps connected to it and then you just gradually see it roll out that's how you do these things but this guy he wants this date this day it's not how it works it's not how it works for any of this yeah this is another example clown where is the decks charles talk to sunday talk to mel talk to all these guys there's like 12 of them that are currently billing we're four months into smart contracts let's count that september and okay october november did i count that wrong did i did i count it wrong exactly did i i don't know how to count but all you do is sign useless mous so building relationships with heads of state nation states that control tens of millions of people and can bring in billions of transactions a month to our system is a bad deal okay i guess that's not my job and do ama so communicating with my community it's a bad deal oh okay and cherry pick questions well i took your question clown again and other devs do 100 hour work weeks so you want the ceo of the company to do 100 hour work weeks doing what exactly programming we are number one for github commits usually on for for development so tons of code is being written on a daily basis but maybe we should write more code okay hey we can be part of the 10.5 billion dollar club of money that was lost or stolen how about we do that well let's just abandon all of our principles right so we just just release and i hope it works who knows okay or we just do a tron let's just fork stuff take other people's stuff right so we could be fast to market right more clowns yeah that's the mindset charles jordan peterson has been having conversations on his podcast regarding the philosophical nature of crypto important for you to discuss the philosophy of crypto with him he'd love your vision i think so it'd be a lot of fun and next year we'll try to get on jordan's podcast and that's one you got to prepare for i got to reread maps of meaning and like eat my wheaties that that joe rogan the jordan rogan sandwich is gonna be it's gonna be a lot of fun what happened to the third hard fork that was going to be this year so we actually had one it was in october we had mary in may we did the september hard fork and then we had a very small hard fork in october so there were three but what happens we took some of the things that were slated for november and we decided to roll them into the february so that we could a larger release and do time-based releases it was just too much on the exchanges and other people to do back-to-back-to-back hard forks and also people need a little bit of time off between them so so the third hard fork happened but it was smaller than expected and that means the february hard fork will be larger than them anticipated to roll up all the stuff that was slated for november what's your favorite pink floyd song wish you were here hey charles thoughts on rebel paul he seems to fail to list cardano as a credible crypto i think he actually owns ada and i don't think he's ever said we're not credible and i've met him and i've been on real vision and so forth it's just there's so many of these projects out there and it's dogs are going crazy are we living in a simulation yeah you never i think we might be yeah i used to say no but now i'm more on the other side okay lots of dog barking where did the name cardano come from it came from giarlamo cartano it was an italian mathematician okay what do you feed your dogs the bones of my enemies charles vim versus neovim i'm a vim user sorry guys no emacs for me although if i start doing some racket programming you kind of have to live in the emacs world because that's like where lisp lives charles do you keep in contact with storm x crew at all i read you were helping them a few years back yeah i was an unpaid advisor years ago i never took anything for it and i the kids there in particular reu she was there at the time and she's good friend and she's very nice but i haven't talked to them in years can smart contracts replace the role of lawyers no what they do is they give you a better way of debugging and testing legal arrangements and separating web from dry code i encourage you to read nick sabo's thoughts of the matter king of the rats meaning that actually comes from adam back called as king of the rats aydah a queen 380-ish well maybe but it's actually ada lovelace is the name for aydah she was a countess from the 19th century how were your talks in south africa president cyril ramaphosa are they waiting to use cardano for anything actually i was going to meet with cyril and i was at his house up in down in cape town and i spent time with his son tumelo ramaphosa but cyril had a scheduling issue so he could make it to dinner but we did have a great talk tomello and i and they were specifically about blockchain-based education in the democratic republic congo so the drc and also in south africa so we're going to loop in what we're doing in ghana into a more pan-african setup and work with an educational venture in south africa that also is sourcing in drc so that was the nature of that particular conversation south africa was more for larger companies there like shoprite and the exchanges and opera and so forth why do you have a royal family photo on your twitter profile i tell people this story from time to time and as new people come in they don't know it so i'll tell it again real briefly so there's this concept called the social sinkhole and so if you look at sinkholes they don't form from the top down they form from the bottom up and then what happens is you're driving down the road if you're unlucky you fall into a sinkhole now thousands of cars every day will be going across that sinkhole not realizing they're driving over it so everything from the outside looks totally normal until that one day when you're unlucky and you just happen to be heavy enough and it happened to be weak enough and then boom this big pit materializes societies are the same way so for a long time you think the government's okay social structures are fine institutions are running everything is business as normal then suddenly it all falls apart and you look back and say how did this happen how did we not notice that so if you look at europe in the 19th century mostly led by kings and that pitcher is a great example of that that was the funeral of a british monarch who died right at the turn of the 19th to 20th century i think around 1910 and all those people controlled a quarter of the world's resources and had the largest militaries were were basically really powerful people within 10 years at the end of world war one those people most of them have been depowered some killed some deplatformed so in that picture people look at that and they say they control the world that's that institution but meanwhile there's a social sinkhole that's happening and everything falls to hell and then suddenly 10 years later none of those people really have as much relevance as they used to they're just gone and that's the that's the point of the picture is how quickly things can change and how quickly society can change and so we look at the dollar it's absolutely supreme and 40 of the dollars in circulation have been brought in circulation last two years so we think the dollar is strong and powerful the us government's strong and powerful they keep making decisions like this that's accelerating the sinkhole you keep driving down that road but at some point something will happen another 2008 and then boom we all fall in it and you can put that flag in the background too they keep doing what they're doing mr hoskinson i'm a german mathematician well good to meet you house and holder since 2018 i'm a fan of single scotch malt whiskey please tell me about the tastier 38 year old whiskey greetings so it was a gordon mcfall that was a gift for the launch of gogan and it was really really good although i still prefer 21 year old hibiki and what field of mathematics are you in peter are you working with us government no we currently do not have a relationship with the us government u.s federal government hi charles sticking seems too good to be true and welcome to inflation you're starting to get it [Laughter] u.