Musings and a bit of an AMA (Back from Africa)

hi everyone this is charles hoskinson broadcasting live from warm sunny colorado always warm always sunny sometimes colorado so today is november 13th 2021 and i am back home home home in colorado after a very long trip throughout africa i went to south africa i went to zanzibar i went to burundi i went to ethiopia kenya and i went to egypt and i had a heck of a lot of fun it was a really amazing trip i really enjoyed it and what made africa so special was that i had an opportunity to meet our community there i had an opportunity to meet heads of state i had an opportunity to meet pretty much every business you could imagine and it had a little bit of everything from safaris to pyramids to civil wars burundi the soldiers escorted us all around because we were on a state visit they literally rolled out the red carpet for us and had the president's drummers play for us in zanzibar got to learn about the blue economy and we talked to shoprite we talked to opera we talked a bunch of exchanges stock exchanges all kinds of things and it was really a fascinating trip we we got to see the whole backlog of stuff that john o'connor had put together over the last few years and it was remarkable to see how much territory there is to cover some of the highlights i really enjoyed zanzibar it was great to see the world mobile guys mickey and the rest of the gang they're putting together a great game plan there's a lot more work to do there's a lot more effort but they have the resources the political connections and the will alongside i think the people to make some significant progress burundi was very virgin territory they want to do the national census and a national id system that's 12 million people there's a lot of appetite to improve the financial infrastructure of the country but there are deep challenges there only 2.6 of the population is connected only about 11 of the population is electrified so those challenges are great opportunities there were some disappointments ethiopia in particular was a great disappointment things are quite grim there at the moment and wherever people's politics said it's easy to forget it's a humanitarian crisis and there's a lot of people who are very scared and having a hard time and we wish him well and our thoughts and prayers go out to him and we hope that peace can come and a resolution can come in any event it was eye-opening to see just the raw opportunity and the desire for new systems and it was reinvigorating about why we built cardano and the direction that cardano is going in kenya we met with a lot of mfis microfinance institutions and we had all kinds of discussions about new ways to build credit reputation to the entire mfi model inside the cryptocurrency space what would that look and there certainly is a great demand for all kinds of things from liquidity to stable coins to new ways of rating reputation with a blockchain based identity system and there's some great partners there like possession and so forth and then in egypt it was a bit of a luxury but we also got a chance to just see the consequences of hyper urbanization and overpopulation about a million people die a year 2.6 million are born every year and most of the population is aggregated along the nile river in particular cairo some of the worst traffic i've ever experienced and great people great heart but certainly challenges of hyper urbanization so all things considered it was a worthwhile month and i think we'll be making some announcements about the africa fund we've brought some partners in i think it's going to end up being larger than we anticipated and there's a lot of great investments we're going to be able to make in africa both on the infrastructure side as well as the crypto side to kind of harmonize the two and bring things up but as it's a lifelong pursuit three three years to seven years to do a project and you can get parallelism but you can't shrink those time horizons because there's education there's modernization there's infrastructural development there are regressions and setbacks and sometimes deals can survive like for example the ministry of education deal in ethiopia despite the civil war is still ongoing progress is still being made and hopefully regardless of how things turn out we think that that's a durable program but yet travel's difficult personnel had to be evacuated all kinds of things are challenging so you have steps forward and steps back but the direction of the arrow is always the same it's much the same with the design of cardano we live in such a dopamine addicted attention-starved world where instant gratification is is the currency and people are losing the ability to do deep work and people are losing the ability to look at long horizons and understand concepts like exponential growth and understand architectural advantages or design advantages in the long term the single most valuable thing a cryptocurrency can do and bitcoin did this and it's why it's so valuable is constructing a route of trust some foundation where the security of that foundation is unimpeachable there's not a single person in the cryptocurrency space who believes that when you put something in the bitcoin blockchain and you wait a little while an hour or two that somewhere along the road a month from now a year from now someone's going to be able to reverse that chain and take that thing out we criticize the energy efficiency we criticize the use in utility we criticize this lack of programmability but no one ever criticizes that root of trust and for good reason because they understand the mathematics behind reversibility and they understand the just sheer magnitude of trust this system has over conventional systems and i would argue what we've achieved with cardano is a replication of that the foundational layer or boris its security is unimpeachable there's not going to be reverses or hidden flaws in the protocol we have accomplished what proof of work set out to do for bitcoin with orophorus and what's nice is we've created such beautiful foundations with it that we understand how to do all the things that you would like to do over an agenda fast finality no reliance on external clocks acceleration through input endorsers we understand how to bootstrap from genesis and also if desired some notion of sharding and also because you have that root of trust you can use it to bootstrap fast permission chains which are very very very customized to whatever computational domain they live in so that's a great achievement and it's one born of years of research almost actually more than a half decade and there's more research going but it's in the iteration simplification refinement and capstone nature so this is in my view a turing prize level agenda and i think the authors of the ore borth papers 10 years 20 30 years from now will be honored with that award because of how groundbreaking the research has been and just the sheer elegance of the solutions that have been brought to bear now the computing model of cardinal in my view is exactly the same in in its magnitude we often get criticized for performance and parallelism which is just a joke to me because extended utxo by design is the most paralyzable of computing models for smart contracts you have no notion of a global state it's all local and as a consequence it's insanely easy to shard and bring things in an isomorphic sense off chain into a layer two solution or into another network the problem is just like when you go from a single core to a multi-core processor you need to actually design your code in that way and this is just the beginning of that model so what happens is that the network stack gets more efficient you get more data structures in your block size gets larger your script size gets compressed computation gets more efficient the client gets more efficient and iteratively the capacity of the system grows now oro boris has a heartbeat okay so it beats and beats and it consistently beats that's the expensive part of every one of these consensus systems they have a heartbeat bitcoin has a heartbeat it's every 10 minutes ethereum has a heartbeat i think it's around 15 20 seconds we have a heartbeat too same order of magnitude now what happens is you can either do all of your work at the heartbeat or and this is what the dag protocols do you can have a bunch of work happen between the heartbeat these these kind of different blocks and somehow they get aggregated together through some process or representation of them and the heartbeat links them together so it's kind of a dag and then that dag and that dag and then that so that's essentially the the concept of input endorsers we're writing a blog post about that we actually came up with that idea as a project in 2016 in the original arborist paper you can massively improve the throughput up to the capacity of the physical network layer of the system so block size doesn't actually matter in that particular case and then on the other axis is this concept of inclusive accountability gawa is doing phenomenal work implementing mithril which means that no matter how big how much blood is going through that heart how many heartbeats have happened throughout the history of cardano that you will have the ability to verify a transaction with a very small proof meaning that everybody can run in light client mode so low latency high performance parallel bootstrap so deadlifts can now be multi-core instead of single core because it's not a linear sweep it's a parallel suite these things and then of course there's hydra and that's getting into a cadence of a three to six week release cycle now there's a big constellation of dabs people say when smart contracts they're already here space buds is here tommy wallet's here is every [ __ ] week there's a cfn c nft drops that's happening pab is in the test net and it's rolling its way through to the main net 13 is being implemented in daedalus and sunday swap is coming others are coming there's almost 100 plus applications that we're aware of that have a near launch horizon three to six months and each and every one of them has unique technical challenges each and every one of them is pushing the system to its limits and its current parameterization instantiation and each and every one of us building great infrastructure some off-chain some on-chain and we're starting to systematically work with them and ensure that they're following best practices like certifying their software and so forth and listening about what needs to be done to open pollutus up to open the development model up to make the pab better okay there are three major updates next year the february hfc event the june hfc event the october hsc event these are the big changes which add in lots of new things new eras new ledger rules special accommodations for hydra and voltaire the infrastructure for side chains these types of things and then all the other infrastructure being built in parallel the pab has its own release cycle that's agile sometimes monthly sometimes six weeks sometimes three weeks the same for the wallet back end the entire addresstia program the same for hydra the same for catalyst and voltaire and it's fun structure that it has the same for mamba and all the things that they're doing in the side chains so when you look at an ecosystem like that what you see are the beginnings of exponential growth the beginning of this year january to where we're at now in november almost december we have seen a massive increase in the transaction volume the number of user accounts the participation in the democracy of cardano nearly 10 of the entire supply of ada is now regularly voting by the way we don't participate i don't believe emergo participates or the foundation voting so this is all grassroots 10 percent of the entire supply nor do exchanges participate so that's grassroots you've seen enormous amounts of increase in participation and you've seen the birth of the programming model now there's a long tail to oral boris related tasks that are going to be swept up next year there's a huge agenda now to optimize things because correctness has been achieved there's a huge agenda to begin wiring on the infrastructure of layer two solutions and the side chains and when you project this over a three to five year period a five to ten year period a ten to twenty year period the theoretical foundations are sound we know that those foundations can be iterated evolved and scaled up the community keeps growing it's not declining the transaction volume continues to grow the demand continues to grow there's a recursive nature to the system where it bootstraps its own evolution the democracy of the system continues to grow and get more refined and more elegant and stronger and the roots are still there the focus on correctness the peer review roots the fact that the software is significantly more reliable and its tendency to evolve the tools of correctness to become more commercializable and user friendly so when you look at those trends combined with the fact that there's a continent with 1.2 billion people that aren't going online anytime soon to solana ethereum eos or tasos or al grant or other solutions but they will go online to cardano through prism and other solutions and you look at the real use cases from microfinance to what we're starting to see with the beginnings of a metaverse and the spatial web what you see with voting as a service governance as a service and all the innovation that's coming from these 100 some dap developers that are going to launch and then probably 2 000 more will be funded and ready to go in the coming years all of those trends indicate that this is a very healthy ecosystem so then why is there all this twitter criticism why is all this criticism on reddit why is there all this criticism floating around because everybody looks like this they can't see the exponential trends they can't understand exotic new things and they live in this move faster break things mentality and they live with different kpis and they define success by a price metric which you never can win they define success by vanity things like oh i don't know how many mentions did we get on coindesk today or on twitter today or reddit what are our social signals and so forth but they don't go back to fundamentals crypto fundamentals and they continue to forget that the slowest least advanced and the first cryptocurrency bitcoin is still the largest and most prominent and for the foreseeable future it will be that way because it has the right fundamentals and it has the right trust engine cardano's trust engine is unimpeachable in my view it's not going anywhere it's not going anywhere it's not going to change it's going to continue to evolve and advance in capabilities and speed and reliability and functionality but the route of trust is now there upon which we can bootstrap great high performance infrastructure and we can bootstrap so many other ecosystems it could be used to launch other cryptocurrencies that's an enormous accomplishment it took bitcoin a much longer period of time to reach that level of stability it wasn't until about 2013 from 2009 did bitcoin achieve that we achieved that i would argue in 2020 2021 and we now demonstrated this new programming model which is the programming model bitcoin should have had at launch they recuse themselves from it and they're not going to go towards it anytime soon even if they want to chase it it'll take them 10 years to get there which gives us a very long window of time to chase it so i'm at peace and i'm incredibly comfortable with the decisions that were made the design decisions the architectural decisions and the rate of progress that we have and i look at all the trends all the extrapolations the commercial demand things are speeding up they're not slowing down and the ecosystems best days are definitely ahead of us and i don't really pay much attention to the critics and i don't really pay much attention to twitter and my plea to you is don't either think for yourself take a look at the trends take a look at the exponential growth take a look at the progress take a look at the things that have been achieved the rate of growth take a look at the scientific achievements that are incumbent there and realize that they're built in bedrock and take a look at how fast new things are coming it was just yesterday when we had the september hfc event now the pav is nearly out and there's this ecosystem of developers people already talking about token distributions of applications on cardano it wasn't too long ago that people said we're just a wallet there's nothing there cardano doesn't exist it's smoke and mirrors and now they're all well it exists but it's too slow and then when we're faster it'll exist but it's it's got a wonky model nobody understands and then it exists and all these abstractions will be built to allow mainstream developers to come in and then it'll be well i don't it you can never win people dig their heels in that's okay but instead what you have to say is what do you believe in what can you verify yourself where's the inclusive accountability the science is complicated and hard well are people actually following a proper process for that is there a heartbeat of innovation that's occurring are there is there code being written are the reliable custodians working on these types of things one of the big things for 2022 is cardona turning into a proper open source project code is open source but there needs to be a big open source governance scaffolding another big thing is using catalyst to bootstrap a meta government on top of cardone that's completely decentralized that's happening and that's in parallel to the hydra program to the voltaire program to the gogan program to shelly improvements that's in parallel to mamba and the side chains that's in parallel to the mithril agenda that's in parallel to all the network improvements that are coming that's in parallel to every other work stream and somehow comfortably that's all there and deep down inside it's just going to happen just the coinbase integration everybody asked about that just like all the other interfaces and activities that we've had to push for and it's not for everybody that's why shibuyunu coin exists and these other things exist in the ecosystem and it doesn't have to be for everybody changing the world is not easy it's a very very hard complicated frustrating endeavor and changing the systems of the world is even harder especially if your desire is permanence in those changes and if your desire is egalitarianism and fairness if your desire is to leave no one behind to catch people up to elevate people that takes a really long time and it's very frustrating and very hard yeah there's so much education you have to do there's so much infrastructure you have to build that's why it's my life's work i'm gonna be in my 50s i'll still be here you'll be in your 50s and a lot of you will still be here because it's worthwhile work it's intoxicating work it's seductive work because why not jed shows how to build a better currency than the us dollar at the turn of the 20th to the 21st century the united states had 4.5 trillion dollars in debt in a surplus now we almost have 30 trillion dollars of debt and the real inflation rates nearly 20 percent in the united states they'll tell you six percent that's the lie number but it's closer to 20 and in certain product categories higher and the solution is to print more money and to continue to kick the can down the road in an increasingly interconnected world zero to negative interest rates it's a rigged system guys it's a rigged system we all know it we all feel it we all understand it so the world in its current legacy systems is not doing good we need a change the question is what do we change to some sort of black mirror mark zuckerberg dystopian metaverse controlled by a crypto elite a silicon valley elite a small group of oligarchs and plutocrats who are completely unelected unaccountable who control all your data how you think your media consumption i can't even post videos from reputable people talking about medicine anymore because they may have said the wrong word and an ai filter comes in and says well this is misinformation for the week that's the world they're going to give us one of papers please and all kinds of dystopian things the world that we're trying to build with the cryptocurrency space not just cardano but the space in general is a world where things are open honest based on foundational things like math and the laws of physics and incentives as opposed to i promise a world of inclusive accountability where you can check and think for yourself in a world that's transparent you can look into things the code is there the software is there the claims can be vetted against progress and so forth now the world's not designed to run that way never has and it's a new thing it will take decades to see it all the way through and the entire definition of things consent money privacy is going to be reinvented that's what we're aiming for here so when people say oh what about the price of ada what about the price of this what about why do you care the whole definition of the value of things is up for grabs what does this world mean when you live in a world where an nft can be worth more that was created out of thin air of a pitcher of a rock than most human beings will make in an entire lifetime something's wrong with the notion of value and as we get closer and closer to hyperinflation used to be millions then it was billions now it's trillions every one of you will be a millionaire soon enough every one of you will eventually be a billionaire soon enough talk to the people of zimbabwe under mukabe talk to the people under chavez and venezuela about how they all became millionaires pretty quickly the raw accumulation of money gives you no meaning and purpose in life and if you're willing to continue to invest in a legacy system that is built on a bedrock of dishonesty misinformation and a destructive engine that is destroying the environment and our meaning in life turning us into automatons if that's the system you want to be in i'm sorry to say the cryptocurrency space has nothing to offer you this is a space built on a different ethic a different set of values and virtues and principles and i've been in it since it was worthless i'd stay in it if it was worthless i was very poor when i started the space didn't exactly have a lot i could go back to brook i'd still do the same thing because it's worthwhile work at the end of the day we all die there are two deaths the death before you were born the death the day you die you have this wave that's it to exist you get to decide how to spend it so the question is do you want to spend it accumulating an imaginary thing that was made up by people who were born before you because you believe that this imaginary thing is somehow going to give you a great life by accumulating things and then somehow that accumulation is going to make everything great and magical and wonderful and people respect you increase your status and make you powerful and so forth you'll wake up every day satisfied and happy or would you rather spend your life thinking about the collective of people around you and saying this is the first time in your life that you've actually had a say in how the world is going to work we've had the illusion of a say in democratic systems but the reality is most people in the world don't throughout the entire course of human history either the chieftain the priest the king the president the dictator the general whoever that big title is with the funny hat and the stars on the shoulder the nice suit the family name the divine right of kings they got to decide how the entire world worked this is the first time ever we are building as an industry technology to basically rewrite that and you get to decide as much as i do or anyone else and it's self-bootstrapping cardano has an engine within it that will fund its development for the rest of time catalyst some days a lot some days not a lot but the adherence to that philosophy can live their entire lives in a new economy we have already achieved that it's 1.

4 billion dollars sitting in the catalyst treasury think about that we had nothing 24 months ago in it now it's 1.4 billion dollars and it's only going to grow and the amount of people participating is growing and the amount of people working full-time for the system the new system the bureaucracy of that system the alternative government is only going to grow and the money built within cardano because of jed will be more valuable than the money that nation states build because it comes with better guarantees and that it just can't be inflated to oblivion and manipulated for political purposes and you can stabilize it all kinds of different ways and when you have it you have it it can't be taken from you you're your own bank you're in control you have inclusive accountability how can a system like this lose if it can evolve itself and it has principles built into its bedrock that are transcendent and not dependent upon the king the nation-state god some philosophy it's transcendent in that respect that's how we spend our lives and we embed it within the academic process not politicized academia there's certainly a lot of that no the good old-fashioned enlightenment academia the scientific method good old-fashioned mathematics uncontaminated by humanity cool and austere and constructive and deductive a to b to c to d a chain of proofs one after another sometimes we get lucky and have major results very quickly other times we've had to get deep into the guts of it and push every single day hard set back here set back there but every day there is progress and it's decentralized there is no one institution one academic one viewpoint that decides the rate of innovation at this point it's now percolated through an entire system 120 papers now probably double that set by the end of next year and that's the beginning of this route of trust of a new ecosystem and there are nation states willing to take this seriously now america doesn't really care the european union doesn't really care china somewhat cares they actually understand it but nation states nonetheless do take this seriously as we see in elvis salvador and as we're seeing in african states if you see all around they're tired of the old systems that weren't exactly fair to them and now we're here at that edge and you can decide do you want to continue with the old crap thing you want to go to something new where you have a safe that's why we created cardano because we felt that if you just get the right factors in the right foundations the right route of trust and you have the right mindset and time horizon we'll get there together now if we get there billions of people will be in the ecosystem it'll be the single most valuable piece of infrastructure mankind has ever constructed more valuable than the internet because it has all the mine space the time the economic activity the transaction volume the use and utility of the system will be the back end of nation states they'll say why is this election credible because we ran the election on cardano how do i know that's in the supply chain how do i know the food is safe well because we use this system on cardana that's the goal that's the process that's the push that we're seeking now it might take a while to get there but we have the right principles we have the right army none of you guys are going anywhere so what's rush honestly heartbeats we know where to go things are speeding up parallelism is coming you can feel it you can taste it we're starting to see so much more use and utility we're starting to see so much more economic activity all of the good factors are there so coming back from africa being reinvigorated from seeing the demand and the real good honest attempts to change the world i want to just make this video for you guys and i know i promised that i would do an ama a little bit of an a so i'll give you a few year questions too but i just wanted to make this speech real quickly and reassure everyone that i'm at peace nothing is fundamentally changed in fact i'm quite happy many cases were actually ahead of schedule faster than i thought we'd be and it's truly extraordinary to see how remarkable of a community this is i said it at the conference in september and i'll keep saying it again and again brings tears my eyes to see how many amazing people are in cardano every single day in every place i go and their desire to innovate okay when can we expect the 2025 roadmap so currently we have a large working group and that working group is quantifying the remaining things for basho and voltaire and there's a parallel working group that's right now working on next generation technology for when we can get to cardona 2025 now that's going to be proposed and there needs to be an open source project and there needs to be a meta governance that sits on top of that in order to actually vote on a roadmap so there are three major changes for cardano those are the three hfc events february june october and somewhere in that time horizon we'll slow roll out concepts of the roadmap and with any luck by the next cardano summit we can kind of explain that but there's already a lot of great things that are still to be delivered in basho and voltaire that i think people very happy with and the 2025 roadmap is more about what future markets problems and concerns do we need to capture as an ecosystem as we grow from the millions to the billions of users and want to actually run entire economies what about the pab will be out on main november it is currently on the test end and it's being slow rolled through app developers are coming in and verifying it working with it so it's already integrated with wallet back end it's on the test net running and we need to get sip 13 out and there are four different ways to run the pab there's pab with daedalus running all the infrastructure client side there's a hosted pab with daedalus connected to it there's a hosted pap with a light wallet and there's a hosted pa there's a white wallet with an in-browser pap option four is the furthest out option one is the closest with sip 13 and sip 13 somewhere in the november december time horizon so the next two months there's going to be a slow roll where the pav and test net gradually works its way to main net but it's important to understand it's open infrastructure and so people can take it fork it and release things a little faster it's kind of a wi-fi standard like when wi-fi six came out there was the draft spec in some wi-fi makers like netgear and others actually front run the spec to release routers that were on that specification even though that spec may change a little bit so they could say they were the first with wi-fi six and it's the same situation here pab is now there it's used people can do what they will with it and there's some more surrounding infrastructure that has to be built out and that's why it's important to co-develop that with some of the major launch applications that are there we originally intended for it to come out september 14th in the test net but it took a little longer to get out because there were some unforeseen integration issues that had to be resolved with wallet back and comes up things happen a few engineers got covered and they had to recover and one needed some personal time because of a death and you deal with these things as they come up but overall it looks pretty good and it's as i said integrated now with the wallet back end and it's running on the test net you said chad cares how would that be possible china is keenly aware of the threat and the promise of cryptocurrency which is why they banned it they're creating their own cryptocurrency with the people's bank of china and putting it to their belt and road trillion dollar program and they're going to use the digital yuan as part of their debt diplomacy especially in africa and we saw a lot of evidence indication of that in in africa who's your favorite painter artist jean leon jerome actually had one of his paintings right there hi charles a certain professor said the london real show that cardado can only reach 0.5 transactions per second no it's not true and it's a blatant mischaracterization of the extended gtxo model in the design of cardano this is what happens when somebody goes from academic to commercial project lead they talk their book and he's got his thing we have our thing and there's no academic debate there it's now a commercial debate and people will just say whatever they want to say and it doesn't bother me but that's my point about criticism it's the script size will get smaller over time there'll be different representations and abstractions and higher level languages to express things the block size will get larger and because of input endorsers we're going to be able to do more between the blocks and bring them together so the throughput will massively increase and because of the extended utxo model it is massively paralyzable and you can do things i said more six state channels it's much harder to do hydra in an account model much easier to do an etxl model so the foundations are there it's just a question of how quickly can those foundations grow in blossom and bloom and become viable and if you want high-speed centralized solutions you can easily do that because you now can bootstrap a permissioned route of trust from the spo set with ororis as a side chain and that you can put super high efficiency bft protocols with that bootstrap permission system to achieve high tps throughput so that's the value of what we've done is created that really powerful route of trust and if they want to talk their book and advertise their thing it's their prerogative it doesn't diminish any of the academic work the particular author has done in fact it's very good and it doesn't diminish the quality of his project i actually like avalanche it's just people talk their books and you always have to understand that that's the reality that they live in and they don't really take the effort to dig deeper understand because it's inconvenient to do that what are your opinions on charity oriented nfts okay so nfts actually give you a property called transitive royalties so normally when you have a physical item like a book okay so i i got something here actually got a really good read right here we're we're getting real interested in democracy so here's demopolis from josiah uber you read a lot of governance books these days because of voltaire when you sell that book to somebody so when you buy my demopolis the author will get a royalty but when the secondary market happens and you sell that book to somebody else the author no longer gets a royalty with a physical good now digital goods give you the ability to have transitive royalties so when somebody resells an nft to somebody else the original author of that the original creator of that could potentially get the royalty now for charities what you can do as the artist or content creator is that you can go ahead and say well 10 of all royalties will forever go to the red cross or to unicef or something like that so every time the nft sells built into the design of it is a donation to a predesignated address even after the author dies it still happens so actually charity oriented nfts are not only possible it brings a whole new dimension to nft's value for preserving things that the artist cared about from tyler get any new masks yes i did and when it comes to colorado i will take some pictures of it and then that's an interesting bison related question do you sell your bison calves or fatten up on a butcher for your own use how's the grass this year for the drought i drowned one too bad i still had to supplement about 150 tons of hay for winter maybe more we have stockpiled more than that just in case and the bison basically they free range run around the entire ranch and then they sell guided hunts usually about 75 a year and then people after they hunt them they process them and you send them to the taxidermist and you get about 600 pounds to a thousand pounds of usable meat which is a great deal and that happiest happiest why are we only at two million wallets i've tried to explain cardona people last year and they aren't interested in any help to the friends and why are we only at two million two million is enormous number because we're only at a few hundred thousand a while ago there's been great growth and two million quickly turns to 20 guys but anyway the bison they're very happy they're free range they just roam around eat grass all day use the same trails they're as close to the bison the native americans hunted as you can get charles that was awesome would it be possible to store dna on the cardinal blockchain in the future for genetic engineering it actually is a really interesting use case of private smart contracts where you can actually have a representation of the dna to prove it belongs to a certain animal but then you can purchase it into a trusted hardware enclave use it within a context and then once it's done you secure erasure so yeah i imagine these types of marketplaces will exist and it's something i'd really love to do with colossal the company that's building the bringing back the woolly mammoth i still have to send ben an email back i'm gonna participate in their series a and we're definitely gonna try to do something together i really like that team joe rogan show i'd love to be on joe rogan podcast we'll try for next year charles did you read 1984 by george orwell i just have go on facebook that's all i have to do and then got 1984. hi charles any word on ledger live support for ada so that's the cardano foundation if you guys want ledger life support email the cardano foundation and demand it and ask for it because ledger is happy to do it but the foundation has to give a grant to ledger to support ledger life and they have decided not to make that a priority but there's an example of representative government so the foundation's there they have a lot of money and if you guys make a noise and you want something to happen the foundation will listen if enough of you said so there is ledger support through ada light and obviously daedalus and that will continue but if you want ledger live then just demand it and the foundation can provide a grant to get it done muslim beard looking good it's a viking beard sir i got viking blood do you have any regrets during cardano's development oh yeah tons tons tons tons we should have built a reference client well first off we should have done the formal methods probably a little bit different we should have had a prototype team just spent an entire year doing prototyping and thinking and getting kind of a nice design and then writing a series of specifications and probably a more aggressive language like cockracta and said this is reference and then built a commercial client that was command line for full node and then built a browser-based wallet as the starting point for the ecosystem and started the open source project set up a little bit faster than we did the problem was that the protocols weren't fully designed yet or boards had an incredibly long research tale extended youth took so had a long research tale pollutus had a long research tale so it was really hard in hindsight to do all of that but now we're kind of moving in that in that direction and we're moving very quickly and great things are happening but there's a lot of things in hindsight that could have been done a little differently but overall it's actually amazing how much was achieved given the time that we've invested it's important for people to understand we've rewritten cardinal three times and it's important for people to understand that the network has never gone down it's always been live throughout its entire history and it's tens of billions of dollars of value millions of people in the ecosystem and a lot of commercial activity that's occurring and it's a self-bootstrapping ecosystem so it's hard to argue if we've done things in a different way maybe a little bit better sooner would we be in a better spot today or a different spot today i don't know all i do know is that the right growth factors are there and the right knowledge is there and incumbent within the science of the code are the blueprints of basically the systems of the world and very bright people wake up every day some working at my company some working at the dozen companies that aren't mine that work on cardano that worry about these things but definitely next year one of my biggest priorities for usability viewpoint is getting cardano to work extremely well on the browser and on the mobile phone and getting a great user experience around that and i wish we worked a little harder on that earlier but it was just resource dependent there was only so much that could be done and the protocols weren't quite stable enough to make that happen in terms of their designs charles do you still use your pgp key yes i do if you can find it send me an email and we'll decrypt it the jordan peterson podcast that'd be a lot of fun tell me some jokes charles okay how do you find will smith in the snow you follow the fresh prince how many bison about 500 will you have a sunday when sunday swap launches actually i think i'd be a lot of fun for launch day of sunday swamp whenever that is for rick and i to talk to the team and we can talk over sundays just kind of like what rick did with rick mccracken did with pizza day so yeah it'd be fun to do that what do you think of the bay verse transformers movie i i'm too old for it it came at a time and i just can't understand the action scenes the plot lines are incredibly simple and and trite i'm reading the three body problem right now i always try to read a science fiction book every week because it kind of allows me to think about the future and so forth and a big backlog of shows to watch like yellowstone and the expanse i just have not had any time unfortunately hopefully i'll have some more but yeah are you still looking for an artist to draw the lobster comic i am and we're getting there three body problems great well don't give me any spoilers i'm only on chapter six right now charles how often do you check the ada price comes consolidated with a market report that i get daily charles do you like cats i used to have a cat when i was a kid bison meat is it much different than beef never eaten bison yes it is it actually is a lot leaner it's a lot tastier really enjoy it hey charles what's your favorite restaurant colorado any upcoming blockchain games that interests you my favorite restaurant colorado is the buckhorn exchange started in the 19th century by a guy who was friends with teddy roosevelt went hunting with him put all the mounts up in the walls it's one of the oldest restaurants in denver and they serve rattlesnake and bison and all kinds of great things highly highly recommend it when will you sit down with admiral andrew yang well whenever the end gang calls me i'd love to do a podcast with him no i have total recall have you read snow crash yeah it's a great book from neil stephenson and actually he's he's just on lex friedman podcast and when i'm working out every morning i'm i'm listening to it it'll take a few days to get through oh no somebody's criticizing us on price lana has flipped cardano you're not concerned answer the serious question we are not here for small talk thank you for missing the first 30 minutes [Laughter] i think maybe some of these are actually bots they can't be real people or maybe they're just crazy people i don't they just kind of wandered in the cardano room not really supposed to be there yeah i got a story about this so years ago i lived in osaka for a while when we were setting up cardano and a friend of mine said you have to try out these tiny bars that they have in japan that's tiny bars oh yeah there's like these big buildings and they have these topical bars and you go into them and they're very small only like 5 10 people 15 at most can be in them and they're all themed so there's like al bars and satanic bars and there was one where there's a guy who's a hypnotist and he tries to hypnotize you so anyway i went to this one block and i'm just kind of going through and there's an alice in wonderland themed one and a cosplays themed one and so forth and and then i open this one door and there's this japanese guy who's got these leaves and he's beating a naked japanese guy on a table and he just looks at me and he says come back half hour i was i don't i'm not supposed to be in this room and so i closed the door and i just kind of faded back and i said okay i'm not going into that bar and i keep going down the strip to go into another one of them so i think i think that's that's what's happened is that people wander the strip of crypto and there's solana and eos and tasos and goge and and they have a mentality and mindset and they come into the cardano room and and they just don't get it at all and and they just they they can't they can't really live here it's very transitive so that's my way of relating the bar story to this particular commenter i've lived i've lived a very bizarre life guys charles how'd you find cape town i miss you speaking but it seemed positive oh it's just wonderful absolutely wonderful one of the most beautiful places incredible food great people we had a lot of fun let's see here charles simon dixon said yesterday cardano's first launch is a scam gamble coin before they brought you in any comments i was with cardano since the beginning named it came up with it i i would know if it was a scam camp okay simon cool story bro hi charles can you tell us about legends of valor and on cardano so legends of valor as some of is a piece of intellectual property that i bought it's a video game that was released back in the early 90s and it was very pioneering game for its time it was an open world 3d game one of the first it's on amiga dos it may have been released on other platforms as well but basically it's a very simple game and a very simple plot line so your cousin's fen sends you a letter says hey come to middle dwarf it's a great town lots of economic opportunity you arrive it turns out there's a plague going on at the town at times so the town is quarantined so you can't leave the town it's a clever plot device to ensure that you stay within the confines of the city and you find out that the city is kind of dystopian the guards are crazy and they arrest you for random reasons and economy is not doing so well so anyway you try to find your cousin and you go to all the different taverns your cousin leaves little notes at the taverns and you kind of go from one to the other and each note tells you some more stuff and eventually he says you need to join the guilds of the town to make sense of everything so you join the town gills there are four different types there's a warriors type a temple type a magic type and a thieves guild and each guild you join you get a skull you get four skulls and a book you can summon a demon the demon actually tells you that the former king of the town has been deposed and you can go and rescue the former king to bring him back to power to restore balance for the town of middle dwarf the original development team never finished the game they ran out of money so it doesn't have a proper ending and i enjoyed it not for the plot but because it was an open world 3d game and that just nothing it at the time it was completely new had no class system no leveling system very simplistic magic system however it did have a pretty sophisticated for its time a system of of health where you could get diseases you needed to eat and drink and sleep to survive and if you didn't you died so that's survival mode and it was very hard to survive in the game and make money in the game so i really loved it as a kid and i tried to win it and i didn't realize until later in life when i bought the clue book off ebay it's one of the first things i bought off ebay that it actually didn't have an ending above and beyond just finding the king but there was no finding sven or any of these things so i negotiated with the people who owned the ip and i bought it and what i wanted to do was to first remaster and do a enhanced edition of the game kind of like what beam dog did with baldur's gate to make the game playable in the 21st century and probably do that in javascript and use babel.